The term "Neue Ostpolitik" (eng. "New eastern policy") designates a phase in German politics of normalization regarding the relations between the Federal Republic of Germany and Eastern European countries, particularly the German Democratic Republi. It was promoted by the chancellor Willy Brandt from 1969 on, guided by the principle "change through rapprochement". Due to this policy several traeties with Eastern European countries were signed - one of them being the Treaty of Warsaw.

The National Socialist German Workers' Party was founded in Munich in 1920. Its political orientation was based on radical nationalism, antisemitism as well as on the rejection of democracy and marxisim. Adolf Hitler was head of the party since 1921. During the Nazi regime, the NSDAP was the only party permitted in Germany.